SIBO (SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH)
This content is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition. It aims to help you better understand gut-related issues, but the causes and diagnoses of these conditions are often complex and overlapping, with potential for misdiagnosis. This is why it’s essential to consult a qualified healthcare provider, such as a gastroenterologist or your doctor, for proper evaluation and advice tailored to your needs.
SIBO (SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH)
SIBO is an excessive growth of bacteria in the small intestine, where microbial counts are normally low. These microbes ferment carbohydrates too early, producing hydrogen or methane gases that stretch the bowel, slow or speed transit, and irritate the lining. The result is chronic bloating, distension, abdominal discomfort, and changes in stool form (from constipation to diarrhoea). SIBO most often arises when normal clearance is impaired—after gut infections, with disordered motility (e.g., diabetes, IBS), long-term acid suppression, structural issues (adhesions, diverticula), or prior surgery. Left untreated, SIBO can contribute to malabsorption (B12, iron, fat-soluble vitamins), unintentional weight change, and persistent gut–brain symptoms such as fatigue or “brain fog.”
SYMPTOMS
- Post-meal bloating and visible distension (very common)
- Excess gas (flatulence, belching)
- Abdominal discomfort/cramps
- Diarrhoea, constipation, or alternating pattern
- Fat malabsorption signs: pale/greasy stools, floating stools
- Nutrient issues: B12 deficiency, iron deficiency, fat-soluble vitamin deficits
- Unintentional weight loss, fatigue, “brain fog” (sometimes)
CAUSES
SIBO develops when bacteria accumulate in the small intestine, where counts should remain low. The core problem is impaired clearance or backflow, allowing colon-type microbes to ferment food too early.
- Motility failure (sluggish migrating motor complex after gastroenteritis, diabetes neuropathy, scleroderma, hypothyroid) lets bacteria linger and multiply.
- Structural issues (adhesions, strictures, small-bowel diverticula, blind loops, prior surgery) create pockets where bacteria overgrow.
- Low gastric acid or bile/enzymes (chronic PPI use, atrophic gastritis, pancreatic or bile insufficiency) weakens natural antimicrobial defenses.
- Ileocecal valve dysfunction or small-bowel colonization allows retrograde seeding from the colon.
- Methane-predominant overgrowth (archaea) slows transit further, reinforcing constipation-dominant patterns.
COMPLICATIONS
- Malabsorption
- Micronutrient deficiencies
- Weight loss
- Mucosal inflammation
DIAGNOSIS
Breath Testing (Hydrogen/Methane, Lactulose or Glucose) is a first-line, non-invasive test that detects early fermentation and can differentiate hydrogen- from methane-predominant patterns.
Small-Bowel Aspirate & Culture is the invasive gold standard (limited availability) and reserved for complex or refractory cases.
Supportive Work-up includes assessment for predisposing factors (motility disorders, prior surgery, PPI use) and nutrient deficits (B12, iron, fat-soluble vitamins).
TREATMENT INDICATION
Treatment focuses on reducing excess small-bowel microbes, fixing the driver (motility/anatomy/acid–enzyme issues), and rebuilding a resilient microbiome to prevent relapse.
- Targeted Antibiotics (e.g., rifaximin for hydrogen-predominant; rifaximin + neomycin when methane/constipation features) are first-line for symptomatic SIBO. Course length typically 10–14 days; repeat only if relapse with clear indications.
- Prokinetics & Motility Hygiene (night-time low-dose agents; meal spacing, gentle activity) support the migrating motor complex, lowering recurrence risk.
- Diet (short term): a low-fermentation/low-FODMAP phase can reduce symptoms during treatment; systematic re-introduction is essential to avoid long-term restriction.
- Probiotics & Prebiotics (adjunct, phased) may help symptoms and recolonization after antimicrobial phase; introduce gradually to tolerance.
- Correct Contributors: address hypochlorhydria/PPI overuse, pancreatic or bile insufficiency, adhesions/strictures, and constipation (especially with methane overgrowth).
- Emerging/Selective Options: herbal antimicrobials in supervised protocols; FMT is not standard for SIBO and is generally not recommended outside trials.
SUPPLEMENTATION RECOMMENDATION
- REPOPULATING YOUR GUT MICROBIOME WITH THE RIGHT GOOD BACTERIA
Repopulating your gut microbiome with the right good bacteria to improve its function and role within your health will start resolving your symptoms.
Ensure you only take a probiotic that meets pharmaceutical grade standards to ensure efficacy and that dose delivery for symptom improvement, (uses gold-standard strains backed by clinical evidence for efficacy, with a minimum dose of 10 Billion CFU’s, protects it bacterial dose by ensuring shelf stability and full stomach acid protection with targeted delivery of the bacteria to your intestine, and meets all other quality metrics).The bacteria in your microbiome improves digestion and nutrient absorption, acts at the guts pharmacy – making vitamins, producing SCFA’s and other important metabolites, like serotonin. It is both the boss of and manager of our immune system. They Influence our brain and hormones, improve our mood + how our brain work. The microbiome also influence our Metabolic and Hormonal system/health. - HEALING THE WHOLE GUT SYSTEM, IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE, ENVIRONMENT AND FUNCTION
This condition can affect the gut structure, environment and function, leading to an overall decline in the performance of the whole gut system. This results in gut inflammation, increased oxidative levels altered colonic PH levels. It impairs; immune capabilities, cell function, barrier function, digestion and metabolic health. Which makes it harder for good bacteria to survive in your gut, and easier for pathogens to take over – leading to a negative-cyclical feedback loop that keeps you unhealthy, compromised and struggling with severe symptoms.

Probitec Intrinsic Bowel Support (30 capsules) and Probitec Gastro (10 capsules), have 8-strains and 20 Billion CFU’s, housed in the worlds most advanced probiotics capsule.
The strains have over 120 studies confirming significant relief and improvement of the symptoms associated with the following:
- Abdominal pain and discomfort
- Diarrhoea, constipation
- Bowel regularity and motility
- Gas and bloating
- Enhancing the gut-brain axis, reducing stress and improving mood
- Improving Immunity and combatting pathogenic infections and overgrowth
- Enhancing Intestinal Integrity
- Reducing gut inflammation
- Relieving GI distress or dysbiosis
- Improving Quality of Life issues such as fatigue, brain fog and skin conditions.


This content is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition. It aims to help you better understand gut-related issues, but the causes and diagnoses of these conditions are often complex and overlapping, with potential for misdiagnosis. This is why it’s essential to consult a qualified healthcare provider, such as a gastroenterologist or your doctor, for proper evaluation and advice tailored to your needs.